🔬 Empirical Formula Calculator
Determine the empirical formula of a compound from mass percentages of its elements.
What is an Empirical Formula?
The empirical formula is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. To find it: (1) assume 100 g of the compound so mass percentages equal grams, (2) convert grams of each element to moles by dividing by atomic mass, (3) divide all mole values by the smallest to get mole ratios, and (4) if needed, multiply by a whole number to eliminate fractions.
Empirical vs Molecular Formula
The empirical formula shows the simplest ratio, while the molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms. For example, glucose has an empirical formula of CH₂O but a molecular formula of C₆H₁₂O₆. The molecular formula is always a whole-number multiple of the empirical formula.
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